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Wednesday 13 November 2019

Earthquakes

31st Oct. 2019

Hey guys, I'm gonna be talking about the earthquake like the whole fact information. Anytime it will suddenly shake off the ground, it caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earth's rocks. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge tectonic plates that make up Earth's crust.

Earthquake

Image result for earthquake







General Questions-

What is an earthquake? An earthquake occurs when rocks break and slip along a fault in the earth. 

What causes an earthquake? Earthquakes are caused by the slow deformation of the outer, brittle portions of "tectonic plates", the earth's outermost layer of crust and upper mantle.


How do earthquakes cause damage? Most earthquake damage is caused by ground shaking. 


Does the earth open up during an earthquake? No! A common misconception is that of a hole in the ground that opens during an earthquake to swallow up unfortunate victims. 


Where do earthquakes occur? Earthquakes occur all over the world; however, most occur on active faults that define the major tectonic plates of the earth.

What is the relationship between volcanoes and earthquakes? The earthquake activity of numerous volcanoes is closely monitored to provide warning signs of an imminent eruption. Large volcanic eruptions, especially the explosive type, can release huge amounts of energy that can be recorded by seismographs even far from the source.

Will more shocks be felt after a strong earthquake? For several hours or even days, after a strongly felt earthquake, it is quite possible that people may feel more shocks. 

Can earthquakes be predicted? With the present state of scientific knowledge, it is not possible to predict earthquakes and certainly not possible to specify in advance their exact date, time and location, although scientists have carried out research on a wide variety of attempted prediction methods.


Does the rate of earthquakes increase during the cold weather? Although cold temperatures greatly affect the ground near the surface, it has no effect at greater depths. Near the surface, freeze and thaw cycles can weaken and break rock due to high water pressure. 

Are there certain months of the year that are more seismically active than others? No, there are no months that have more earthquakes than others. Examining the list of Canadian or global earthquakes, there isn't a season that stands out as having an increased number of earthquakes.


Can people cause earthquakes? Yes! Minor earthquakes have been triggered by human activities such as mining (rockburst and cavity collapse), the filling of reservoirs behind large dams, and the injection of fluids into wells for oil recovery or waste disposal.

Does a small earthquake mean that a larger earthquake is coming? No, except for very rare exceptions. Every year, hundreds of earthquakes occur in Canada. Only a very tiny minority of these precede a larger earthquake.

Magnitude

What is the "magnitude" of an earthquake? Magnitude is a measure of the amount of energy released during an earthquake. 

What is the difference between the "magnitude" and the "intensity" of an earthquake? The Intensity scale is designed to describe the effects of an earthquake, at a given place, on natural features, on industrial installations, and on human beings.

Certain earthquakes have a negative magnitude, is this an error? No, it is not an error. As magnitude calculations are based on a logarithmic scale, a ten-fold drop in amplitude decreases the magnitude by 1

Is there a maximum magnitude for an earthquake? Though theoretically there is no mathematical limit with the magnitude calculation, physically there is a limit. The magnitude is related to the surface area of the blocks of rock which rub together and in doing so give rise to seismic waves.

Do several magnitude scales exist? Though seismologists generally refer to magnitude on the Richter scale, several magnitude scales do exist.


Main question

What happens during an earthquake?
The Earth is an active planet, with activity occurring in the oceans, in the atmosphere and in the solid Earth itself. This course looks at a dramatic example of solid Earth activity.

how do we measure an earthquake?
Earthquakes are measured using seismographs, which monitor the seismic waves that travel through the Earth after an earthquake strikes. 


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